Modeling and Design of Control Structure for Railway Hybrid Systems using Energetic Macroscopic Representation
نویسنده
چکیده
Context of the study and associated problem: Due to its railroad activities, the SNCF (French National Railway Company) has to face with the energy challenge. If its first motivations are based on short term an economic concern, the SNCF also wants to anticipate the decrease of oil reserves and wishes to be an actor of the environment protection. To achieve this goal, the SNCF has engaged research projects dealing with the hybridization of the railway systems, and more specifically of the railway traction system and substations power units. In this context of hybridization, one of the issues to be treated is the design of the control structure of a multi-sources and multi-storage system. Two description levels of the hybrid system have then to be addressed: a local one (need to control every sub-system) and a global one (need of a management strategy of the whole hybrid system). Objectives of the study: To solve this problem, a first work consists in using the Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR), a graphical description of the physical system regulated by the action and reaction principle, to model the different elements of the hybrid system. At the end, a REM model is obtained for each production and storage element in a hybrid structure composed of several sub-systems: oil electric generator system Fuel cells Battery ultra-capacitors Flywheel. Starting from this REM model, the objective is then to deduce the Maximum Control Structure (MCS) for each sub-system (local command), by inversion principle. From these basic elements, the final work consists in implementing a management strategy based on optimized filtering, to obtain the global control of the system. These control decompositions are applied to the case of a hybrid traction railways system composed of Oil electric generator Fuel cells Battery ultra-capacitors Fly wheel. Simulation results are provided for a 200 kW hybrid energy conversion system.
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